Menene Katin WiFi & Menene Katin WiFi Ke Yi?

II. Menene Katin Wi-Fi?

A Katin Wi-Fi, wani lokacin ana kiranta da a mara waya kati, Wireless Network Interface Controller (WNIC), ko Adaftar Wi-Fi, wani kayan aiki ne wanda ke ba da damar kwamfuta ko na'urar masana'antu haɗi zuwa cibiyar sadarwa mara waya. Ba kamar Ethernet na gargajiya ba, wanda ke buƙatar kebul na zahiri, katin Wi-Fi yana sadarwa mitocin rediyo (RF) ta hanyar wani hadedde transceiver da eriya.

A ainihinsa, katin Wi-Fi yana yin ayyuka biyu masu mahimmanci:

• Isar da bayanan dijital kamar yadda siginar rediyo zuwa a na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa ko wurin shiga

• Karɓar siginar rediyo da mayar da su cikin fakitin bayanai masu amfani

Goyan bayan katunan Wi-Fi na zamani IEEE 802.11 Matsayi (802.11a/b/g/n/ac/ax), wanda aka fi sani da Wi-Fi 4, Wi-Fi 5, Wi-Fi 6, da Wi-Fi 6E, tare da Wi-Fi 7 tasowa a matsayin sabon juyin halitta. Waɗannan ƙa'idodi sun bayyana mitar makada, fadin tashar, kuma shigar da bayanai, tabbatar da dacewa cikin na'urori.

Nau'in katunan Wi-Fi sun haɗa da:

• PCIe Wi-Fi katunan – shigar a cikin kwamfutocin tebur don babban haɗin kai

• USB Wi-Fi adaftar – šaukuwa, toshe-da-wasa mafita don kwamfyutocin ko naúrar tsarin

• M.2 Wi-Fi kayayyaki – ƙananan katunan da ake amfani da su a cikin kwamfyutocin zamani da PCs masana'antu

Ta hanyar aiki a OSI Layer 1 da 2 (haɗin jiki da bayanai), katunan Wi-Fi sune mahimman gada tsakanin kayan aiki da kayan aiki Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN), ba da damar haɗin kai mara kyau ga duka biyun na'urorin masu amfani kuma aikace-aikacen masana'antu.

III. Yaya Katin Wi-Fi ke Aiki?

A Katin Wi-Fi ayyuka kamar yadda gada tsakanin kwamfuta da hanyar sadarwa mara waya, ba da damar musayar bayanai mara kyau ba tare da igiyoyi ba. Yana aiki ta amfani da wani RF transceiver kuma tsarin eriya don tuba sigina na dijital daga kwamfuta zuwa igiyoyin rediyo, wanda sai a watsa zuwa a mara waya ta hanyar sadarwa ko wurin shiga. Akasin haka, siginar waya masu shigowa suna komawa zuwa fakitin bayanai waɗanda tsarin aiki zai iya aiwatarwa.

Katunan Wi-Fi suna aiki daban-daban hanyoyin aiki:

• Yanayin Kayan Aiki - ya fi na kowa, inda katin Wi-Fi ya haɗu da na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa ko wurin samun damar intanet.

• Ta Wannan Hanya - haɗin kai-da-tsara tsakanin na'urori ba tare da na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa ba, mai amfani a ciki masana'antu IoT muhallin.

Suna kuma bi da haɓakawa IEEE 802.11 Matsayi:

Ta hanyar aiki da farko a OSI Layer 1 (Na Jiki) kuma Layer 2 (Data Link), katin Wi-Fi yana sarrafa watsa sigina, boye-boye, kuma sarrafa damar watsa labarai, tabbatar da aminci da ingantaccen haɗin kai ga duka biyun na'urorin masu amfani kuma kwamfutocin masana'antu.

IV. Nau'o'i da Abubuwan Samfura

Katunan Wi-Fi ana samunsu cikin yawa siffan abubuwa don biyan bukatun kwamfutoci, kwamfutoci, kwamfutocin da aka saka, da kwamfutocin masana’antu. Kowane nau'i ya bambanta a ciki aiki, girman, da hanyar shigarwa, Yin mahimmanci don zaɓar zaɓin da ya dace don takamaiman aikace-aikace.

1. PCIe Wi-Fi Cards

• An shigar kai tsaye a kan tebur motherboard amfani da a PCI Express Ramin

• Bayar babban kayan aiki, goyon baya ga eriya da yawa, da abubuwan ci-gaba kamar MU-MIMO kuma beamforming

• Mafi dacewa don PCs na caca, wuraren aiki, kuma kwamfutocin masana'antu yana buƙatar ƙarfi, tsayayyiyar haɗin kai mara waya

2. USB Wi-Fi Adaftar

• Na'urorin toshe-da-wasa waɗanda ke haɗa ta a tashar USB

• Mai šaukuwa da sauƙi don shigarwa, yana sa su shahara don kwamfutar tafi-da-gidanka kuma saka tsarin

• Yawancin lokaci ana amfani da su lokacin haɓakawa na ciki ba zai yiwu ba, kodayake suna iya bayarwa ƙananan eriya riba idan aka kwatanta da katunan PCIe

3. M.2 (NGFF) Wi-Fi Modules

• Karamin katunan da aka tsara don kwamfutar tafi-da-gidanka na zamani kuma masana'antu saka tsarin

• An shigar a ciki M.2 Key A/E ramummuka kuma sau da yawa ana haɗa su da Ayyukan Bluetooth

• An fi so don na'urori masu takurawa sararin samaniya in IoT da ƙididdigar ƙididdiga

4. Abubuwan Da Ya Gada

• Mini PCIe, Katin PC, kuma Adaftar ExpressCard sun taɓa zama ruwan dare a cikin tsofaffin kwamfyutoci da kayan aikin masana'antu

• Yanzu an maye gurbinsu da yawa M.2 kayayyaki kuma hadedde mara waya NICs

V. Shigarwa da Daidaitawa

Shigar da a Katin Wi-Fi yawanci kai tsaye amma yana buƙatar kulawa nau'i nau'i, samuwan ramuka, da goyon bayan tsarin aiki. Domin PCs na tebur kuma kwamfutocin masana'antu, zaɓin da ya fi kowa shine a PCIe Wi-Fi katin. Tsarin ya ƙunshi:

1. 
   Ƙarfin ƙasa tsarin da bude chassis

2. Saka katin cikin a PCI Express Ramin

3. Haɗewa na waje antennas domin ingantacciyar liyafar

4. Shigar da abin da ake buƙata direbobi daga masana'anta ko sabunta OS

Domin kwamfutar tafi-da-gidanka kuma shigar PCs, shigarwa ya dogara da ko na'urar tana da M.2 (NGFF 2230). ko a Mini PCIe. A cikin ultrabooks na zamani, katin Wi-Fi na iya kasancewa saida zuwa motherboard, iyakance zaɓuɓɓukan haɓakawa. A cikin waɗannan lokuta, a Adaftar Wi-Fi na USB yana ba da madadin toshe-da-wasa.

Abubuwan da suka dace

• Taimakon Chipset: Wasu na'urorin Intel CNVi kawai suna aiki tare da takamaiman dandamali

• Direbobin tsarin aiki: Windows, Linux, da masana'antu RTOS goyon bayan ya bambanta

• Daidaitaccen tsari: Tabbatar da daidai Maɓallin A/E M.2 ko wadatar layin PCIe

• Taimakon bandeji akai-akai: Tabbatar da dacewa da 2.4GHz, 5 GHz, da 6 GHz hanyoyin sadarwa

Tabbatar da shigarwa da dacewa da dacewa barga mara waya aiki da kuma dogara na dogon lokaci a cikin duka mabukaci kuma aikace-aikacen masana'antu.