Kuvhura PCIe x1 Slot: Pfupiso uye Mashandisirwo Anogona Kuitwa
2024-08-19 11:47:56
PCIe inomirira Peripheral Component Interconnect Express. Iyi imhando yeinterface inokurumidza zvikuru inobatanidza zvikamu zvakasiyana-siyana zvemukati memakombiyuta. Inonyanya kushandiswa kubatanidza makadhi ekuwedzera kune motherboard, kusanganisira makadhi emifananidzo, makadhi enetwork, uye makadhi ekuunganidza data.
Nzvimbo dzePCIe dzinosiyana muhukuru. Magadzirirwo akajairika enzvimbo anosanganisira x1, x4, x8, uye x16, izvo zvinoratidza huwandu hwenzira dzedata dziripo dzekutaurirana. Kana kukosha kwacho kukuru, data rinotamiswa nekukurumidza pakati pebhodhi reamai nekadhi rekuwedzera.
Uyezve, magadzirirwo akasiyana anogona kunge anoenderana nekumusoro. Semuenzaniso, kadhi rekuwedzera re x1 rinogona kushandiswawo pa x4, x8, uye x16 configurations. Kadhi rinogona kushandiswa pa x8 configuration rinogona kushandiswawo pa x16 configuration.
Zviri Mukati
1. Chii chinonzi PCIe x1 slot?
Nzvimbo yePCIe x1 inzvimbo yekuwedzera ine nzira imwe chete yePCIe. Ndiyo nzvimbo diki yePCI Express ine simba shoma, asi yakakodzera kune akasiyana-siyana emakadhi ePCIe ane simba shoma.
Pamusoro pezvo, makadhi ePCIe x1 anogona kuiswa mune chero nzvimbo yekuwedzera yePCIe, kusanganisira nzvimbo dze x4, x8, uye x16. Vanhu vanowanzo furatira chinangwa chenzvimbo yePCIe x1, asi tichazvitsanangura zvakadzama pazasi.
2. Ndeipi kumhanya kwakanyanya kwePCIe x1?
Kumhanya kwakanyanya kwePCIe x1 kunosiyana pachizvarwa. Kumhanya kwekufambira mberi kwetekinoroji kunowedzera. Kubva paPCIe 1.0 kusvika paPCIe 6.0 yazvino, bandwidth nekumhanya kwechizvarwa chimwe nechimwe kwakawedzera zvakanyanya. Zvimwe zvinhu zvinotevera:
1. PCIe 1.0: Kumhanya kwakanyanya kwedzidziso muPCIe 1.0 i250 MB/s, izvo zvinonyanya kugadzirisa dambudziko rebhazi rakafanana, zvichikonzera kukwira kwekutanga kwehuwandu hwekutumira data.
2. PCIe 2.0: Chizvarwa ichi chePCIe x1 chakajairwa chine kumhanya kwakanyanya kwe500 MB/s uye chinochengetedza nzira yekunyora 8b/10b.
3. PCIe 3.0: Muchizvarwa chino, kumhanya kwakanyanya kwePCIe x1 kunowedzerwa kusvika 1 GB/s. PCIe 3.0 inoburitsa nzira inoshanda zvakanyanya yekunyora 128b/130b, iyo inoderedza data risingakoshi uku ichiwedzera kushanda zvakanaka kwekutumira data.
4. PCIe 4.0: Pasi pemutemo uyu, kumhanya kwakanyanya kwePCIe x1 i2 GB/s. PCIe 4.0 inowedzera mwero wekutumira data kusvika pa16 GT/s uye inoramba ichishandisa chirongwa chekunyora data che128b/130b chinoshanda zvakanaka, zvichiwedzera zvakanyanya bandwidth.
5. PCIe 5.0: Chizvarwa ichi chePCIe x1 chine kumhanya kwakanyanya kwe4 GB/s uye mwero wekuchinjisa we32 GT/s, zvichiita kuti ishande zvakanaka kumashure ukuwo ichipa kugona kwakanyanya kwemagetsi.
3. Ndeapi marudzi akasiyana emaPCIe slots?
Sezvambotaurwa pamusoro apa, maPCIe slots anouya muhukuru hwakasiyana kana magadzirirwo akasiyana, ayo anonyanya kushandiswa anosanganisira x1, x4, x8, uye x16. Heino sumo yakadzama:
PCIe x1: Iyi ndiyo nzvimbo diki yePCIe ine chiteshi chimwe chete chekutaurirana nedata. Nzvimbo dzePCIe x1 dzinowanzo shandiswa pamakadhi ekuwedzera asinganyanyi kuoma, akadai semakadhi eruzha, makadhi enetwork, uye maadapta eWi-Fi.
PCIe x4: Nzvimbo iyi ine nzira ina dzekutumira data. Inopa bandwidth yakawanda kupfuura nzvimbo ye x1 uye inowanzoshandiswa kune akasiyana-siyana makadhi ekuwedzera, kusanganisira ma storage controllers, makadhi eRAID, uye mamwe makadhi eruzha.
PCIe x8: Nzvimbo iyi ine nzira sere dzedata, zvichipa bandwidth yakakura. Nzvimbo idzi dzinowanzo shandiswa pamakadhi ekuwedzera anoshanda zvakanyanya anoda mwero wepamusoro wekutamisa data, senge mamwe maadapta enetwork uye makadhi ekuwana data akatsaurirwa.
PCIe x16: Iyi ndiyo nzvimbo yakakura kwazvo yePCIe, ine nzira gumi nematanhatu dzedata. Nzvimbo dzePCIe x16 dzinobatanidzwa nemakadhi emifananidzo (GPUs) uye dzinopa bandwidth yepamusoro inowanikwa pamabhodhi eamai evatengi akajairwa. Masisitimu emitambo yepamusoro, kugadzira zvemukati, uye nzvimbo dzekushandira anowanzo kuve nenzvimbo dzePCIe x16 dzekugadzirisa mifananidzo zvine simba.
4. Chii chinonzi PCIe channel?
Pakusarudza musanganiswa wemakadhi ekuwedzera ebhodhibhodhi, unofanirwa kunzwisisa kuti chiteshi chePCIe chii. PCIe channel ipeni yekufambisa mukati mechikamu chePCIe. Kazhinji, saizi yechikamu chePCIe inoratidzawo huwandu hwemachiteshi ePCIe. Semuenzaniso, chikamu chePCIe x16 chine machiteshi ePCIe x16, nepo chikamu chePCIe x1 chine machiteshi ePCIe x1.
Motherboard yakajairika inowanzova nemachiteshi ePCIe angangoita makumi maviri kusvika makumi maviri nemana, akapararira munzvimbo dzakasiyana dzePCIe dzakavakirwa pairi, asi mamwe maPCI slots anogona kunge aine nzira dzedata dzakawanda kupfuura saizi yawo, uye mamwe maPCI x16 slots anogona kunge aine maPCI x8 chete, asi hapana dambudziko pakushandiswa chaiko, uye anogonawo kutsigira kubatana kweGPU graphics card.
5. Ndeipi mashandisirwo ePCIe X1 slot?
Kunyangwe slot yePCIe x1 iine chiteshi chimwe chete chePCIe, ichiri kutamba basa rayo uye inogona kubatanidza mhando dzakawanda dzemakadhi ekuwedzera, akadai semodems nemakadhi enetwork, makadhi eruzha, makadhi ekuwedzera eSATA, makadhi ekuwedzera eUSB port, makadhi eTV tuner, makadhi ekutora mavhidhiyo, makadhi eadapter, nezvimwewo, izvo zvichaunzwa kwauri rimwe nerimwe.
1. Mamodemu nemakadhi enetwork
Unogona kushandisa PCIe x1 slot kuwedzera makadhi ekuwedzera ane waya kana kuti asina waya kubhodhi reamai, akadai semakadhi ePCIe x1 WiFi kana makadhi e1G PCIe Ethernet. Mabhodhi eamai emakombiyuta anowanzova neEthernet yakavakirwa mukati, asi makadhi ePCIe x1 Wi-Fi ndeimwe yenzira dzekuwedzera Wi-Fi kubhodhi rako.
Nzvimbo yePCIe x1 inogona kutsigira marudzi ese emakadhi enetwork asina waya, kusanganisira Wi-Fi 6 protocol yazvino, asi inogona kutsigira makadhi eGigabit Ethernet kana RJ45 Ethernet LAN (network yenzvimbo yemuno).
2. Makadhi enzwi
Vashandisi vanokoshesa kunaka kweruzha vanogona kuisa kadhi reruzha panzvimbo yePCIe x1 kuti vawane kunaka kweruzha uye ruzha rwakarurama, uye dziviriro iri nani kubva pakukanganiswa kwemagetsi.
3. Kadhi rekuwedzera reSATA
Kana uchida kuwedzera mamwe ma hard drive eSATA pakombuta yako, unogona kuwana kadhi rekuwedzera rePCIe x1 SATA kuti uwedzere mamwe ma SATA ports. Ma SATA SSD ane kumhanya kwekutamisa data kweinenge 550 Mbps, ma SATA HDD ane kumhanya kwekutamisa data kweinenge 150 Mbps, uye slot yechizvarwa chechitatu chePCIe x1 ine kumhanya kwekutamisa data kwe1Gbps, izvo hazvizove nedambudziko rekubata ma SATA storage drives akawanda.
4. Kadhi rekuwedzera chiteshi che USB
PCIe x1 inogonawo kutsigira kuwedzera kwe USB port. Mamwe ma I/O anogonawo kuwedzerwa kuburikidza nePCIe x1 slot. Ingo tsvaga kadhi rekuwedzera reI/O rine PCIe x1 form factor.
5. Kadhi reTV rinotuner
Imwe nzira yekushandisa PCIe x1 slot ndeyekushandisa TV tuner card. Uchishandisa PCIe x1 TV card, unogona kubvumira mudziyo wako kugamuchira masaini eTV uye kuashandura zvakananga kuTV. Mamwe makadhi anogona kutobvumira komputa kurekodha zvirongwa zveTV zvakananga kubva patambo kuti zvionekwe gare gare.
6. Kadhi rekutora vhidhiyo
Kadhi rekutora vhidhiyo rinobvumira komputa kugamuchira chero vhidhiyo kubva kune kamera kana chimwe chinhu chekunze (senge game console, TV, kana DVD player) uye kushandura masaini aya evhidhiyo kuita data redhijitari rinogona kuchengetwa pakombuta. Data iri rinoshandurwa rinogona kutumirwa panguva chaiyo kana kuchengetwa kuti rigadziriswe gare gare.
7. Kadhi reRiser
Kana uchida mamwe maPCIe slots, unogona kushandisa PCIe riser card, inozivikanwawo semutengesi. Mushure mekubatanidza PCIe riser card, huwandu hwemaslots chete ndihwo huchawedzera, asi bandwidth yePCIe icharamba isina kuchinja uye yakagoverwa zvakaenzana pakati pemaPCIe slots ari pa riser card. Kureva kuti, riser card ine mana PCIe x1 slots yakabatana nePCIe x1 slot ichave nechikamu chimwe muzvina chePCIe x1 bandwidth pane imwe neimwe slot.
6. Ndeupi musiyano uripo pakati pezvizvarwa zvakasiyana zvePCIe slots?
Kugadzirwa kwePCIe slots kwakapfuura nezvizvarwa zvakati wandei kusvika pari zvino, uye chizvarwa chimwe nechimwe chakagadziridzwa maererano nehuwandu hwekutamiswa kwedata, bandwidth uye mabasa:
PCIe 1.0 / 1.1:
1.0 yakaburitswa muna 2003, uye 1.1 yakaburitswa makore maviri gare gare (2005). Kupfuura bandwidth pachiteshi chimwe nechimwe kwakawedzerwa kubva pa250MB/s kusvika pa250 MB/s; bandwidth yepamusoro ye x16 slot yakaramba iri pa4GB/s. Ichi ndicho chizvarwa chekutanga chePCIe, chichiwedzera kumhanya kwakanyanya kupfuura PCI interfaces dzekare.
PCIe 2.0:
Pakazosvika gore ra2007, chizvarwa chechipiri chePCIe slots chakaburitswa, zvichiwedzera kaviri bandwidth yepamusoro pachiteshi kusvika pa500 MB/s, uye kumhanya kwepamusoro kwebandwidth x16 slot kwakawedzerawo kusvika pa8GB/s, zvichivandudza mashandiro ese.
PCIe 3.0:
Yakavandudzwa kusvika kuchizvarwa chechitatu muna 2010, ine bandwidth yepamusoro ye1 GB/s pachiteshi chimwe nechimwe uye bandwidth yepamusoro ye16 GB/s yenzvimbo dze x16. Zvichienzaniswa nechizvarwa chakapfuura, mwero wedata pachiteshi chimwe nechimwe wakawedzera kaviri, zvichipa kushanda kwepamusoro kune maapplication anoda simba.
PCIe 4.0:
Chigadzirwa chechizvarwa chechina chakaburitswa muna 2017, paine musiyano murefu pakati pechizvarwa chakapfuura nechizvarwa chakapfuura. Zvichienzaniswa nePCIe 3.0, mwero wedata pachiteshi chimwe nechimwe wakapetwa kaviri zvakare, zvichipa bandwidth yakawanda yemakadhi emifananidzo anoshanda zvakanyanya uye mhinduro dzekuchengetedza.
PCIe 5.0:
Muna 2019, PCIe 5.0 yakatangwa, ine bandwidth yepamusoro ye4GB/s pachiteshi chimwe nechimwe uye bandwidth yepamusoro ye64GB/s ye x16 slots, yakakodzera kune maapplication matsva anoshandisa data rakawanda.
PCIe 6.0:
Panosvika gore ra2022, ichavandudzwa kusvika kuchizvarwa chechitanhatu, icho chiri chizvarwa chitsva kusvika parizvino. Kureba kwebandwidth yechiteshi chimwe nechimwe kunowedzerwa kusvika 8GB/s, uye bandwidth yepamusoro ye x16 slot yasvika 128GB/s, zvichiputsa muganho wekutumira data nekukurumidza kwemasisitimu emangwana.
7. pfupiso
Muchidimbu, kumhanya kwekubatanidza kwePCIe slots kwakapetwa kaviri nechizvarwa chimwe nechimwe. Kuvandudzwa kwePCIe architecture kwazvino kuri kukurumidza kupfuura ma processor ari kutengeswa pamusika parizvino, izvo zvakakonzera kunonoka mukushambadzira kwezvigadzirwa zvehardware zvine kumhanya kwekugadzira PCIe nekukurumidza. Parizvino, iyo inonyanya kushandiswa uye yakakurumbira pamusika iPCIe Gen 4, kunyanya mumakombiyuta ane mashandiro epamusoro munzvimbo dzedata, dzinowanzo shandiswa mu
makombiyuta ekugadzira rackmount emaindasitiriNdinotenda kuti munguva pfupi iri kutevera, chizvarwa chechitanhatu chePCIe chichatibatsira zvikuru, zvichida kuwana mashandisirwo mumidziyo yakaita se
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